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RESTinstance-1.3.0
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Robot Framework library for RESTful JSON APIs
| ویژگی | مقدار |
|---|---|
| سیستم عامل | OS Independent |
| نام فایل | RESTinstance-1.3.0 |
| نام | RESTinstance |
| نسخه کتابخانه | 1.3.0 |
| نگهدارنده | [] |
| ایمیل نگهدارنده | [] |
| نویسنده | Eficode Oy |
| ایمیل نویسنده | info@eficode.com |
| آدرس صفحه اصلی | https://github.com/asyrjasalo/RESTinstance |
| آدرس اینترنتی | https://pypi.org/project/RESTinstance/ |
| مجوز | Apache License 2.0 |
# RESTinstance
[Robot Framework](http://robotframework.org) library for RESTful JSON APIs
[Keyword Documentation](https://asyrjasalo.github.io/RESTinstance)
## Advantages
1. **RESTinstance relies on Robot Framework's language-agnostic, clean
and minimal syntax, for API tests.** It is neither tied to any
particular programming language nor development framework. Using
RESTinstance requires little, if any, programming knowledge. It
builts on long-term technologies with well established communities,
such as HTTP, JSON (Schema), Swagger/OpenAPI and Robot Framework.
2. **It validates JSON using JSON Schema, guiding you to write API
tests to base on properties** rather than on specific values (e.g.
"email must be valid" vs "email is foo@bar.com"). This approach
reduces test maintenance when the values responded by the API are
prone to change. Although values are not required, you can still
test them whenever they make sense (e.g. GET response body from one
endpoint, then POST some of its values to another endpoint and
verify the results).
3. **It generates JSON Schema for requests and responses automatically,
and the schema gets more accurate by your tests.** Output the schema
to a file and reuse it as expectations to test the other methods, as
most of them respond similarly with only minor differences. Or
extend the schema further to a full Swagger spec (version 2.0,
OpenAPI 3.0 also planned), which RESTinstance can test requests and
responses against. All this leads to reusability, getting great test
coverage with minimum number of keystrokes and very clean tests.
## Installation
On 3.6, 3.7 you can install and upgrade
[from PyPi](https://pypi.org/project/RESTinstance):
python3 -m venv venv
source venv/bin/activate
pip install --upgrade RESTinstance
On 2.7 series the package works as well, but using 2.7 is
[not preferred 2020 onwards](https://pythonclock.org/):
pip install --user --upgrade virtualenv
virtualenv venv
source venv/bin/activate
pip install --upgrade RESTinstance
These also install [Robot Framework](https://pypi.org/project/robotframework)
if you do not have it already.
## Usage
There is a
[step-by-step tutorial](https://github.com/asyrjasalo/RESTinstance/blob/master/examples)
in the making, best accompanied with
[the keyword documentation](https://asyrjasalo.github.io/RESTinstance).
### Quick start
1. Create two new empty directories, `atest` and `results`.
2. Create a new file `atest/YOURNAME.robot` with the content:
``` robotframework
*** Settings ***
Library REST https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com
Documentation Test data can be read from variables and files.
... Both JSON and Python type systems are supported for inputs.
... Every request creates a so-called instance. Can be `Output`.
... Most keywords are effective only for the last instance.
... Initial schemas are autogenerated for request and response.
... You can make them more detailed by using assertion keywords.
... The assertion keywords correspond to the JSON types.
... They take in either path to the property or a JSONPath query.
... Using (enum) values in tests optional. Only type is required.
... All the JSON Schema validation keywords are also supported.
... Thus, there is no need to write any own validation logic.
... Not a long path from schemas to full Swagger/OpenAPI specs.
... The persistence of the created instances is the test suite.
... Use keyword `Rest instances` to output the created instances.
*** Variables ***
${json} { "id": 11, "name": "Gil Alexander" }
&{dict} name=Julie Langford
*** Test Cases ***
GET an existing user, notice how the schema gets more accurate
GET /users/1 # this creates a new instance
Output schema response body
Object response body # values are fully optional
Integer response body id 1
String response body name Leanne Graham
[Teardown] Output schema # note the updated response schema
GET existing users, use JSONPath for very short but powerful queries
GET /users?_limit=5 # further assertions are to this
Array response body
Integer $[0].id 1 # first id is 1
String $[0]..lat -37.3159 # any matching child
Integer $..id maximum=5 # multiple matches
[Teardown] Output $[*].email # outputs all emails as an array
POST with valid params to create a new user, can be output to a file
POST /users ${json}
Integer response status 201
[Teardown] Output response body ${OUTPUTDIR}/new_user.demo.json
PUT with valid params to update the existing user, values matter here
PUT /users/2 { "isCoding": true }
Boolean response body isCoding true
PUT /users/2 { "sleep": null }
Null response body sleep
PUT /users/2 { "pockets": "", "money": 0.02 }
String response body pockets ${EMPTY}
Number response body money 0.02
Missing response body moving # fails if property moving exists
PATCH with valid params, reusing response properties as a new payload
&{res}= GET /users/3
String $.name Clementine Bauch
PATCH /users/4 { "name": "${res.body['name']}" }
String $.name Clementine Bauch
PATCH /users/5 ${dict}
String $.name ${dict.name}
DELETE the existing successfully, save the history of all requests
DELETE /users/6 # status can be any of the below
Integer response status 200 202 204
Rest instances ${OUTPUTDIR}/all.demo.json # all the instances so far
```
3. Make JSON API testing great again:
```
robot --outputdir results atest/
```
## Contributing
Bug reports and feature requests are tracked in
[GitHub](https://github.com/asyrjasalo/RESTinstance/issues).
We do respect pull request(er)s.
### Local development
The logic is detaching the enving from system level (dependencies) as following:
1. We use [pyenv](https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv) to manage n Pythons user-wide.
2. With Pyenv installed Pythons, we never mess with the system's default Python.
3. We ended up to [Nox](https://nox.thea.codes/en/stable/) after evaluating
Bash scripts, `make`, `invoke` and `tox` to achieve automated virtualenving.
To understand the first two of the practices, these are worth reading:
- [Real Python's intro to pyenv](https://realpython.com/intro-to-pyenv)
- [Real Python's virtualenvs primer](https://realpython.com/python-virtual-environments-a-primer/)
- [virtualenv compatibility with the stdlib venv module](https://virtualenv.pypa.io/en/latest/reference/#compatibility-with-the-stdlib-venv-module)
Third, unlike Tox, Nox uses Python file (`noxfile.py`) for configuration, yet:
- Supports multiple Python versions, each session is ran on some `pythonX.X`.
- A session is a single virtualenv which is stored in `.venv/<session_name>`.
- Every `nox` recreates session, thus virtualenv, unless `reuse_venv=True`.
### Python versioning w/ pyenv
The pyenv setup works on OS X and on the common Linux distros out of the box:
curl https://pyenv.run | bash
export PATH="$HOME/.pyenv/bin:$PATH"
eval "$(pyenv init -)"
The first script installs it user-wide, thus it never requires `sudo` rights.
If you are on Windows, using pyenv might or might not be an option. Regardless,
you want to check [pyenv-win](https://github.com/pyenv-win/pyenv-win) instead.
We test, develop, build and publish on Python 3.6.9, and use venvs as preferred:
git clone git@github.com:asyrjasalo/RESTinstance.git
cd RESTinstance
pyenv install --skip-existing 3.6.9 && pyenv rehash
python3 -m venv .venv/dev
source .venv/dev/bin/activate
pip install -e .
### Automated venving w/ Nox
Nox automates handling `.venv/<task>`s for workflows, that on Windows as well:
pip install --upgrade nox
The actual tasks are defined in `noxfile.py`, as well as our settings like:
- The default Python interpreter to run all the development tasks is `python3.6`
- We explicitly use [venv module](https://docs.python.org/3/library/venv.html)
now for virtualenving, as we develop on Python >= 3.3 anyway
- Whether a new virtualenv is always recreated when the respective task is run
(which is default for most of our tasks)
Session is a task, running in the `.venv/<task>`. To list all possible sessions:
nox -l
Sessions defined in `RESTinstance/noxfile.py`:
* test -> Run development tests for the package.
- testenv -> Run development server for acceptance tests.
* atest -> Run acceptance tests for the project.
- docs -> Regenerate documentation for the project.
- black -> Reformat/unify/"blacken" Python source code in-place.
- prospector -> Run various static analysis tools for the package.
- build -> Build sdist and wheel dists.
- release_testpypi -> Publish dist/* to TestPyPI.
- install_testpypi -> Install the latest (pre-)release from TestPyPI.
- release -> Tag, build and publish a new release to PyPI.
- install -> Install the latest release from PyPI.
- clean -> Remove all .venv's, build files and caches in the directory.
Sessions marked with `*` are selected, sessions marked with `-` are skipped.
That is, to run both `test`s and `atest`s:
nox
Session `nox -s atest` assumes you have started `testapi/` on
[mountebank](https://www.mbtest.org):
nox -s testenv
Running the above assumes you have `node` (>= 6) installed in your system.
After started, you can debug requests and responses by tests in web browser at
[localhost:2525](http://localhost:2525/imposters).
Both `nox -s test` and `nox -s atest` allow passing arguments to `pytest`
and `robot`, respectively:
nox -s test -- test/<test_modulename>.py
nox -s atest -- atest/<atest_suitedir>/<atest_suitefile>.robot
You know, having a virtualenv even for generating `docs/` - why not a bad idea:
nox -s docs
### Building and tagging a new version
Remove all sessions (`.venv/`s) as well as temporary files in your working copy:
nox -s clean
Our PyPI distributions are known to work well on Python 3.7 and 2.7 series too:
nox -s clean build
We use [zest.releaser](https://github.com/zestsoftware/zest.releaser) for
versioning, tagging and building (universal) `bdist_wheel`s.
It uses [twine](https://pypi.org/project/twine/) underneath to upload to PyPIs
securely over HTTPS, which can't be done with `python setup.py` commands.
### Releasing to PyPIs
This workflow is preferred for distributing a new (pre-)release to TestPyPI:
nox -s test atest docs clean build release_testpypi install_testpypi
If that installed well, all will be fine to let the final release to PyPI:
nox -s release
To install the latest release from PyPI, and in a dedicated venv of course:
nox -s install
### Shell additions
For intermediate `nox` arguments usage, you'll advance by enabling
[shell completion](https://nox.thea.codes/en/stable/usage.html#shell-completion):
eval "$(register-python-argcomplete nox)"
On `zsh`, ensure you have bash compatibility enabled in `.zshrc` or similar:
autoload -U bashcompinit
bashcompinit
These completions likely do not work on vanilla PowerShell, but can be used on
[Windows Subsystem for Linux](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/install-win10).
### Unified Python editor/IDE linters
Catching errors already write-time, regardless of the editor, is advantaged by
[Palantir's Python Language Server](https://github.com/palantir/python-language-server):
python3 -m venv .venv/dev
source .venv/dev/bin/activate
pip install --upgrade python-language-server[all]
Installing the all bundle, and the LSP plugin for your editor, enables to run
useful linters real-time, like:
- Either `autopep8` or `black` (preferred) for automated code formatting
- `isort` for sorting code import statements
- McCabe for code complexity checking
- `mypy` for static type checking on Python 3
- `pycodestyle` for coding style checking
- `pyflakes` for detecting various coding errors
Remember to (auto-)start the language server on background via your editor.
### pre-commit hooks
We want our static analysis checks ran before code even ends up in a commit.
Thus both `nox` and `nox -s test` commands bootstrap
[pre-commit](https://pre-commit.com/) hooks in your git working copy.
The actual hooks are configured in `.pre-commit-commit.yaml`.
### Ideas
- export `mb` recorded responses to CI (pre-commit hook: `nox -s save_testenv`)
- change `nox -s testenv` to load the saved testenv -> rid of `--allowInjection`
- add CI (GitHub Actions? GitLab?)
- add Python types to pass `prospector --with-tool mypy`
- enable pre-commit hook for prospector
## Credits
RESTinstance is under
[Apache License 2.0](https://github.com/asyrjasalo/RESTinstance/blob/master/LICENSE)
and was originally written by [Anssi Syrjäsalo](https://github.com/asyrjasalo).
It was first presented at the first [RoboCon](https://robocon.io), 2018.
Contributors:
- [jjwong](https://github.com/jjwong) for helping with keyword
documentation and examples (also check
[RESTinstance_starter_project](https://github.com/jjwong/RESTinstance_starter_project))
- [Przemysław "sqilz" Hendel](https://github.com/sqilz) for using and
testing RESTinstance in early phase (also check
[RESTinstance-wrapper](https://github.com/sqilz/RESTinstance-wrapper))
- [Vinh "vinhntb" Nguyen](https://github.com/vinhntb),
[#52](https://github.com/asyrjasalo/RESTinstance/pull/52).
- [Stavros "stdedos" Ntentos](https://github.com/stdedos),
[#75](https://github.com/asyrjasalo/RESTinstance/pull/75).
- [Nicholas "bollwyvl" Bollweg](https://github.com/bollwyvl),
[#84](https://github.com/asyrjasalo/RESTinstance/pull/84).
- [Trey Turner](https://github.com/treyturner), [#86](https://github.com/asyrjasalo/RESTinstance/pull/86)
We use following Python excellence under the hood:
- [Flex](https://github.com/pipermerriam/flex), by Piper Merriam, for
Swagger 2.0 validation
- [GenSON](https://github.com/wolverdude/GenSON), by Jon "wolverdude"
Wolverton, for JSON Schema generator
- [jsonpath-ng](https://github.com/h2non/jsonpath-ng), by Tomas
Aparicio and Kenneth Knowles, for handling JSONPath queries
- [jsonschema](https://github.com/Julian/jsonschema), by Julian
Berman, for JSON Schema validator
- [pygments](http://pygments.org), by Georg Brandl et al., for JSON
syntax coloring, in terminal <span class="title-ref">Output</span>
- [requests](https://github.com/requests/requests), by Kenneth Reitz
et al., for making HTTP requests
See
[requirements.txt](https://github.com/asyrjasalo/RESTinstance/blob/master/requirements.txt)
for all the direct run time dependencies.
REST your mind, OSS got your back.
نیازمندی
| مقدار | نام |
|---|---|
| - | docutils |
| - | flex |
| - | GenSON |
| - | jsonpath-ng |
| - | jsonschema |
| - | pygments |
| - | pytz |
| - | requests |
| - | robotframework |
| - | tzlocal |
نحوه نصب
نصب پکیج whl RESTinstance-1.3.0:
pip install RESTinstance-1.3.0.whl
نصب پکیج tar.gz RESTinstance-1.3.0:
pip install RESTinstance-1.3.0.tar.gz