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توضیحات

A fixture for using a fakechroot environment in your tests

ویژگی	مقدار
سیستم عامل	-
نام فایل	fakechroot-0.2.1
نام	fakechroot
نسخه کتابخانه	0.2.1
نگهدارنده	[]
ایمیل نگهدارنده	[]
نویسنده	John Carr
ایمیل نویسنده	john.carr@isotoma.com
آدرس صفحه اصلی	http://github.com/yaybu/fakechroot
آدرس اینترنتی	https://pypi.org/project/fakechroot/
مجوز	Apache Software License

================= FakeChrootFixture ================= This package provides a fixtures_ compatible fixture for building and executing integration tests in a copy-on-write chroot environment without requiring the tests to be run as root. In order to use it you will need fakeroot_, fakechroot_ and cowdancer_. This code was extracted and refactored from the test harness within Yaybu_. .. _fixtures: http://pypi.python.org/pypi/fixtures .. _yaybu: http://yaybu.com .. _fakechroot: https://github.com/fakechroot/fakechroot/wiki .. _fakeroot: http://fakeroot.alioth.debian.org .. _cowdancer: http://www.netfort.gr.jp/~dancer/software/cowdancer.html.en So what does it do then? ======================== The first test to use the fixture will create (or refresh) a chroot. We use fakechroot magic to do this in userspace without root. Each test is then run in a cheap copy of this chroot. So each test gets its own clean (and fresh) chroot. This chroot is perfect for testing. You can perform actions against a seeming complete system and at the same time poke and prod at it from outside. How do I use it? ================ Something like this:: import unittest2 from fakechroot import TestCase class TestInAChroot(TestCase): def test_true(self): retval = self.chroot.call(["/bin/true"]) self.failUnlessEqual(retval, 0) What other cool API's are there? ================================ The fixture object has a bunch of API helpers on it so you can write your tests as though they were in the chroot. All the calls below will take a path in the chroot (such as ``/foo``) and operate on the fully expanded path (which might be ``/home/john/Projects/myproject/tmp2234a/foo``). These were added as Yaybu needed them - patches for more are welcome. ``FakeChrootFixture.call`` Executes a command inside the chroot with the appropriate LD_PRELOAD setup. ``FakeChrootFixture.exists`` Returns ``True`` if a path inside the chroot exists. ``FakeChrootFixture.isdir`` Returns ``True`` is a path in the chroot is a directory. ``FakeChrootFixture.mkdir`` Creates a directory inside the chroot. ``FakeChrootFixture.open`` Returns a file inside the chroot for read or write operations. ``FakeChrootFixture.touch`` Runs the ``touch`` binary inside the chroot. ``FakeChrootFixture.chmod`` Runs the ``chmod`` binary inside the chroot. We can't directly use ``os.chmod`` as it doesn't notify ``faked`` about the change. ``FakeChrootFixture.readlink`` Grabs the value of a symlink. As this can contain the entire path of the chroot we strip off the chroot path. ``FakeChrootFixture.symlink`` Actually creates a symlink within the chroot. ``FakeChrootFixture.stat`` Performs an ``os.stat`` on the path. How does it work? ================= This works through a trio of ``LD_PRELOAD`` libs that essentially monkey patch the chroot to think they have more privileged access than they do. The ``fakeroot`` package is used to fool your code into thinking it is root and that changes it is making as root (such as ``chmod``, for example) are taking effect. A special ``faked`` daemon is used to coordinate this between processes. The ``fakechroot`` package is used to fool your code into thinking that the ``chroot`` syscall worked. This means that any code perform file operations is tricked at a syscall level into acting on ``~/yourchroot/tmp/foo`` when it innocently thinks it just touched ``/tmp/foo``. The ``cowdancer`` package is what provides copy-on-write in userspace. The only requirement is a filesystem that supports hard links. You create a copy on your base image with ``cp -al``. This creates a farm of hardlinks. The ``cowdancer`` patches then force any changes that would have been written to the base image to be written into a new file (thus breaking the hard link). What are the limitations? ========================= Your code only thinks it has root. So you can't bind port 80 or anything like that. Right now we only actively support Ubuntu. In particular, we are only actively testing with Lucid and Precise. Whilst other Unixes may be supported in future support for OS X is unfortunately unlikely (there is nothing like debootstrap) and Windows doesn't have the concept of chroots. There is some overhead to using a system like this. We have tuned some of this away (for example, we setup the ``LD_PRELOAD`` stuff by hand to shave 3 process invocations per ``.call()``), but you are still introducing a fair bit of indirection. You won't be running hundreds of test cases per second. All three libraries on their own are clever hacks. They are heavily used in Debian, but they likely still have bugs. And when combined together those bugs are likely magnified. This fixture will let you run some tests that might have previously required root as a normal user, thus avoid running the code you just utterly broke as root. But that's still enough power to wipe ``~``! What are the alternatives? ========================== Running your code in a VM is the best test, but even with snapshots running each test in a clean environment would be a pain. There have been lots of advances in Kernel namespacing. LXC could be a suitable alternative - it depends on your use case.

نحوه نصب

نصب پکیج whl fakechroot-0.2.1:

pip install fakechroot-0.2.1.whl

نصب پکیج tar.gz fakechroot-0.2.1:

pip install fakechroot-0.2.1.tar.gz