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execsql-1.98.0
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مشاهده بیشترتوضیحات
Runs a SQL script against a PostgreSQL, MS-Access, SQLite, MS-SQL-Server, MySQL, MariaDB, Firebird, or Oracle database, or an ODBC DSN. Provides metacommands to import and export data, copy data between databases, conditionally execute SQL and metacommands, and dynamically alter SQL and metacommands with substitution variables. Data can be exported in 18 different formats, including CSV, TSV, ODS, HTML, JSON, LaTeX, and Markdown tables, and using custom templates.
| ویژگی | مقدار |
|---|---|
| سیستم عامل | - |
| نام فایل | execsql-1.98.0 |
| نام | execsql |
| نسخه کتابخانه | 1.98.0 |
| نگهدارنده | [] |
| ایمیل نگهدارنده | [] |
| نویسنده | Dreas Nielsen |
| ایمیل نویسنده | dreas.nielsen@gmail.com |
| آدرس صفحه اصلی | https://osdn.net/project/execsql/ |
| آدرس اینترنتی | https://pypi.org/project/execsql/ |
| مجوز | GPL |
 *Multi-DBMS SQL script processor.*
*execsql.py* is a Python program that runs a SQL script stored in a text file
against a PostgreSQL, MS-Access, SQLite, MS-SQL-Server, MySQL, MariaDB,
Firebird, or Oracle database, or an ODBC DSN. *execsql* also supports a
set of special commands (metacommands) that can import and export data,
copy data between databases, and conditionally execute SQL statements and metacommands.
These metacommands make up a control language that works the same across
all supported database management systems (DBMSs). The metacommands are
embedded in SQL comments, so they will be ignored by other script
processors (e.g., *psql* for Postgres and *sqlcmd* for SQL Server). The
metacommands make up a toolbox that can be used to create both automated
and interactive data processing applications.
The program's features and requirements are summarized below.
Complete documentation is available at
[http://execsql.osdn.io](http://execsql.osdn.io).
[](https://pypi.org/project/execsql/)
[](https://pepy.tech/project/execsql/)
Capabilities
=========================
You can use *execsql* to:
* Import data from text files or spreadsheets into
a database.
* Copy data between different databases, even databases using different
types of DBMSs.
* Export tables and views as formatted text, comma-separated values (CSV), tab-separated
values (TSV), OpenDocument spreadsheets, HTML tables, JSON, XML, LaTeX tables, HDF5
tables, unformatted (e.g., binary) data, or several other formats.
* Export data to non-tabular formats using several different
template processors.
* Display a table or view in a GUI dialog,
optionally allowing the user to select a data row, enter a data
value, or respond to a prompt.
* Display a pair of tables or views in a GUI dialog, allowing the user
to compare data and find rows with matching or non-matching key values.
* Conditionally execute different SQL commands and metacommands based on the DBMS in use,
the database in use, data values, user input, and other conditions.
* Execute blocks of SQL statements or *execsql* metacommands repeatedly, using
any of three different looping methods.
* Use simple dynamically-created data entry forms to get user input.
* Write status or informational messages to the console or to a file
during the processing of a SQL script. Status messages and data exported in
text format can be combined in a single text file. Data tables can be
exported in a text format that is compatible with Markdown pipe tables,
so that script output can be converted into a variety of document formats.
* Write more modular and maintainable SQL code by factoring repeated
code out into separate scripts, parameterizing the code using
substitution variables, and using the INCLUDE or SCRIPT metacommands
to merge the modules into a single stream of commands.
* Merge multiple elements of a workflow—e.g., data loading, summarization, and
reporting—into a single script for better coupling of related steps and more
secure maintenance.
* Use *execsql* as a CGI script for a web application that needs to run
SQL scripts and return database output.
Standard SQL provides no features for interacting with external files or
with the user, or for controlling the flow of actions to be carried out
based either on data or on user input. Some DBMSs provide these features,
but capabilities and syntax differ between DBMSs. *execsql* provides
these features in a way that operates identically across all supported
DBMSs on both Linux and Windows.
*execsql* is inherently a command-line program that can operate in a completely
non-interactive mode (except for password prompts). Therefore, it is suitable
for incorporation into a toolchain controlled by a shell script (on Linux),
batch file (on Windows), or other system-level scripting application. When
used in this mode, the only interactive elements will be password prompts.
However, several metacommands generate interactive prompts and data
displays, so *execsql* scripts can be written to provide some user interactivity.
In addition, *execsql* automatically maintains a log that documents key
information about each run of the program, including the databases that are
used, the scripts that are run, and the user's choices in response to
interactive prompts. Together, the script and the log provide documentation
of all actions carried out that may have altered data.
The documentation includes 30 examples showing the use of
*execsql*'s metacommands, in both simple and complex scripts.
Syntax and Options
========================
Different forms of command lines, with varying arguments and options, are shown below.
Commands
------------------------
```
execsql.py -ta [other options] sql_script_file Access_db
execsql.py -tf [other options] sql_script_file Firebird_host Firebird_db
execsql.py -tm [other options] sql_script_file MySQL_host MySQL_db
execsql.py -tp [other options] sql_script_file Postgres_host Postgres_db
execsql.py -ts [other options] sql_script_file SQL_Server_host SQL_Server_db
execsql.py -to [other options] sql_script_file Oracle_host Oracle_service
execsql.py -tl [other options] sql_script_file SQLite_db
execsql.py -tl [other options] sql_script_file DSN_name
```
Most arguments and options can also be specified in a configuration file, so
only the script file name need be specified on the command line.
```
execsql.py sql_script_file
```
Command-line Arguments
-----------------------------
```
sql_script_file The name of a text file of SQL commands to be executed. Required argument.
Access_db The name of the Access database against which to run the SQL.
DSN_name The data set name for an ODBC connection.
Firebird_db The name of the Firebird database against which to run the SQL.
Firebird_host The name of the Firebird host (server) against which to run the SQL.
MySQL_db The name of the MySQL database against which to run the SQL.
MySQL_host The name of the MySQL host (server) against which to run the SQL.
Oracle_host The name of the Oracle host (server) against which to run the SQL.
Oracle_service The Oracle service name (database) against which to run the SQL.
Postgres_db The name of the Postgres database against which to run the SQL.
Postgres_host The name of the Postgres host (server) against which to run the SQL.
SQL_Server_db The name of the SQL Server database against which to run the SQL.
SQL_Server_host The name of the SQL Server host (server) against which to run the SQL.
SQLite_db The name of the SQLite database against which to run the SQL.
```
Command-line Options
------------------------
```
-a value Define the replacement for a substitution variable $ARG_x.
-d value Automatically make directories used by the EXPORT
metacommand: 'n'-no (default); 'y'-yes.
-e value Character encoding of the database. Only used for some
database types.
-f value Character encoding of the script file.
-g value Character encoding to use for output of the WRITE and EXPORT
metacommands.
-i value Character encoding to use for data files imported with the
IMPORT metacommand.
-m Display the allowable metacommands, and exit.
-p value The port number to use for client-server databases.
-s value The number of lines of an IMPORTed file to scan to diagnose
the quote and delimiter characters.
-t value Type of database:
'p'-Postgres,
'f'-Firebird,
'l'-SQLite,
'm'-MySQL or MariaDB,
'a'-Access,
's'-SQL Server,
'o'-Oracle,
'd'-DSN connection.
-u value The database user name (optional).
-v value Use a GUI for interactive prompts.
-w Do not prompt for the password when the user is specified.
-y List all valid character encodings and exit.
-z value Buffer size, in kb, to use with the IMPORT metacommand
(the default is 32).
```
Requirements
===========================
The *execsql* program uses third-party Python libraries to communicate with
different database and spreadsheet software. These libraries must be
installed to use those programs with *execsql*. Only those libraries that
are needed, based on the command line arguments and metacommands, must
be installed. The libraries required for each database or spreadsheet
application are:
* PosgreSQL: psycopg2.
* SQL Server: pydobc.
* MS-Access: pydobc and pywin32.
* MySQL or MariaDB: pymysql.
* Firebird: fdb.
* Oracle: cx-Oracle.
* DSN connections: pyodbc.
* OpenDocument spreadsheets: odfpy.
* Excel spreadsheets (read only): xlrd.
Connections to SQLite databases are made using Python's standard library,
so no additional software is needed.
If the Jinja or Airspeed template processors will be used, those software
libraries must also be installed.
All of these libraries can be installed from the Python Package Index (PyPI)
using *pip*.
An Illustration
=================
The following code illustrates the use of metacommands and substitution variables.
Lines starting with "\-\- !x!" are metacommands that implement *execsql*-specific features.
Identifiers enclosed in pairs of exclamation points (!!) are substitution variables
that have been defined with the SUB metacommand. The "$date_tag" variable is
a substitution variable that is defined by *execsql* itself rather than by the user.
-- ==== Configuration ====
-- Put the (date-tagged) logfile name in the 'inputfile' substitution variable.
-- !x! SUB inputfile logs/errors_!!$date_tag!!
-- Ensure that the export directory will be created if necessary.
-- !x! CONFIG MAKE_EXPORT_DIRS Yes
-- ==== Display Fatal Errors ====
-- !x! IF(file_exists(!!inputfile!!))
-- Import the data to a staging table.
-- !x! IMPORT TO REPLACEMENT staging.errorlog FROM !!inputfile!!
-- Create a view to display only fatal errors.
create temporary view fatals as
select user, run_time, process
from staging.errorlog
where severity = 'FATAL';
-- !x! IF(HASROWS(fatals))
-- Export the fatal errors to a dated report.
-- !x! EXPORT fatals TO reports/error_report_!!$date_tag!! AS CSV
-- Also display it to the user in a GUI.
-- !x! PROMPT MESSAGE "Fatal errors in !!inputfile!!:" DISPLAY fatals
-- !x! ELSE
-- !x! WRITE "There are no fatal errors."
-- !x! ENDIF
-- !x! ELSE
-- !x! WRITE "There is no error log."
-- !x! ENDIF
drop table if exists staging.errorlog cascade;
The IMPORT metacommand reads the specified file and loads the data into
the target (staging) table, automatically choosing appropriate data types
for each column. The EXPORT metacommand saves the data in a CSV file
that can be used by other applications. The PROMPT metacommand produces
a GUI display of the data as follows:
The complete documentation includes additional examples.
Documentation, Tools, and Templates
===========================================
Complete documentation is at [OSDN](http://execsql.osdn.io).
Three tools that illustrate the use of execsql, and that are useful in their
own right, are:
* [Upsert scripts](https://execsql-upsert.osdn.io): A set of *execsql* scripts for
Postgres, MariaDB/MySQL, and SQL Server that will perform a merge (upsert) operation
on multiple tables simultaneously, automatically ordering the tables according to
foreign key constraints, and performing null, primary key, and foreign key data
integrity checks. These scripts use the *information_schema* views and so operate
on any set of tables in any supported DBMS without customization.
* [Staging table comparison scripts](https://execsql-compare.osdn.io): A set of *execsql*
scripts for Postgres, MariaDB/MySQL, and SQL Server that will perform various comparisons
of the data in a staging table to the data in the corresponding base table. These scripts
use the *information_schema* views and so operate on any table in any supported DBMS
without customization.
* [Glossary creation script](https://execsql-glossary.osdn.io): An *execsql* script that
will produce a table of terms (e.g., column names) and definitions, and that may be useful
to accompany a database export.
The set of [execsql script templates](https://osdn.net/projects/execsql/releases/p16640)
available from OSDN includes several types of templates that may be useful in conjunction
with execsql.py. These are:
* *execsql.conf*: An annotated version of the configuration file that includes all
configuration settings and notes on their usage.
* *script_template.sql*: A framework for SQL scripts that make use of several *execsql*
features. It includes sections for custom configuration settings, custom logfile creation,
and reporting of unexpected script exits (through user cancellation or errors).
* *config_settings.sqlite* and *example_config_prompt.sql*: A SQLite database containing
specifications for all settings configurable with the CONFIG metacommand, in the form
used by the PROMPT ENTRY_FORM metacommand, and a SQL script illustrating how this database
can be used to prompt the user for some or all of the configuration settings.
Copyright and License
================================
Copyright (c) 2007-2023 R.Dreas Nielsen
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later
version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more
details. The GNU General Public License is available at
http://www.gnu.org/licenses/.
زبان مورد نیاز
| مقدار | نام |
|---|---|
| >=2.7 | Python |
نحوه نصب
نصب پکیج whl execsql-1.98.0:
pip install execsql-1.98.0.whl
نصب پکیج tar.gz execsql-1.98.0:
pip install execsql-1.98.0.tar.gz