Django States
=============
|Build Status|
Description
-----------
State engine for django models. Define a state graph for a model and
remember the state of each object. State transitions can be logged for
objects.
Installation
------------
.. code:: sh
pip install django-states3
Usage example
-------------
To use a state machine, you should add a state field to the model
.. code:: python
from django_states.fields import StateField
from django_states.machine import StateMachine, StateDefinition, StateTransition
class PurchaseStateMachine(StateMachine):
log_transitions = True
# possible states
class initiated(StateDefinition):
description = _('Purchase initiated')
initial = True
class paid(StateDefinition):
description = _('Purchase paid')
def handler(self, instance):
code_to_execute_when_arriving_in_this_state()
class shipped(StateDefinition):
description = _('Purchase shipped')
# state transitions
class mark_paid(StateTransition):
from_state = 'initiated'
to_state = 'paid'
description = 'Mark this purchase as paid'
class ship(StateTransition):
from_state = 'paid'
to_state = 'shipped'
description = 'Ship purchase'
def handler(transition, instance, user):
code_to_execute_during_this_transition()
def has_permission(transition, instance, user):
return true_when_user_can_make_this_transition()
class Purchase(StateModel):
purchase_state = StateField(machine=PurchaseStateMachine, default='initiated')
... (other fields for a purchase)
If ``log_transitions`` is enabled, another model is created. Everything
should be compatible with South\_ for migrations.
Note: If you're creating a ``DataMigration`` in
`South <http://south.aeracode.org/>`__, remember to use
``obj.save(no_state_validation=True)``
Usage example:
.. code:: python
p = Purchase()
# Will automatically create state object for this purchase, in the
# initial state.
p.save()
p.get_purchase_state_info().make_transition('mark_paid', request.user) # User parameter is optional
p.state # Will return 'paid'
p.get_purchase_state_info().description # Will return 'Purchase paid'
# Returns an iterator of possible transitions for this purchase.
p.get_purchase_state_info().possible_transitions()
# Which can be used like this..
[x.get_name() for x in p.possible_transitions]
For better transition control, override:
- ``has_permission(self, instance, user)``: Check whether this user is
allowed to make this transition.
- ``handler(self, instance, user)``: Code to run during this
transition. When an exception has been raised in here, the transition
will not be made.
Get all objects in a certain state::
Purchase.objects.filter(state='initiated')
Validation
----------
You can add a test that needs to pass before a state transition can be
executed. Well, you can add 2: one based on the current user
(``has_permission``) and one generic (``validate``).
So on a ``StateTransition``-object you need to specify an extra
``validate`` function (signature is ``validate(cls, instance)``). This
should yield ``TransitionValidationError``, this way you can return
multiple errors on that need to pass before the transition can happen.
The ``has_permission`` function (signature
``has_permission(transition, instance, user)``) should check whether the
given user is allowed to make the transition. E.g. a super user can
moderate all comments while other users can only moderate comments on
their blog-posts.
Groups
------
Sometimes you want to group several states together, since for a certain
view (or other content) it doesn't really matter which of the states it
is. We support 2 different state groups, inclusive (only these) or
exclusive (everything but these):
.. code:: python
class is_paid(StateGroup):
states = ['paid', 'shipped']
class is_paid(StateGroup):
exclude_states = ['initiated']
State graph
-----------
You can get a graph of your states by running the ``graph_states``
management command.
.. code:: sh
python manage.py graph_states myapp.Purchase.state
This requires `graphviz <http://graphviz.org>`__ and python bindings for
graphviz: ``pygraphviz`` and ``yapgvb``.
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:target: https://travis-ci.com/ulamlabs/django-states3